How do I know if I have high blood pressure?

High blood pressure is commonly referred to as a “silent killer” because many people do not display any symptoms until the damage to the body has already occurred. Blood pressure is a measure of how hard the heart is working and how hard the blood is pushing against the artery walls. Your blood pressure varies throughout the day, by the time of day, by your body position, and with your emotions.

Blood pressure is rated by two numbers – one over another.  The top number, or systolic blood pressure, is the measurement of the pressure within the heart when it is pumping. The normal range is 100-140 mmHg. The bottom number, or the diastolic blood pressure, is the measurement of the pressure of the heart when it is resting. The normal range for this measurement is 70-90 mmHg. When your blood pressure goes up and consistently stays up above 135/85 on several occasions, this is considered hypertension, or high blood pressure.

High blood pressure or hypertension is a serious condition that can affect your heart and other organs of your body. It is a sign that your heart is working too hard. When your heart is working too hard, your blood vessels weaken and the heart becomes enlarged thus increasing the risk of developing coronary heart disease, stroke, or kidney failure. High blood pressure does require treatment.

There are several things you can do to control your blood pressure:

• Control your weight
• Reduce your salt intake
• Limit your alcohol intake
• Quit smoking
• Exercise 30-60 minutes daily
• Take time to relax
• Take medications as prescribed

You should have your blood pressure checked regularly to ensure you do not have hypertension or that any medications you are taking for high blood pressure are working effectively. Yearly physical examinations are an important part of preventing heart disease and stroke.

For more information about high blood pressure or hypertension, or for available programs and services, contact Health Link Alberta where nurses are available 24-7 to provide health advice and information. Call 1-866-408-LINK (5465) or 780-408-LINK (Edmonton area) or 403-943-LINK (Calgary area).