Can I give my 14 month old peanut butter for breakfast?

There are two things to consider. The first is related to food allergy which occurs when the body reacts strongly to a normally harmless substance, called an allergen, when it has been eaten. Peanuts and other nuts are some of the most highly allergenic foods.

There are conflicting opinions as to whether delaying the introduction of highly allergenic foods will prevent allergies to them. However, it is generally felt that introduction of any nut product is best delayed until after 12 months of age, as it may then be easier to detect symptoms of an allergic reaction. With a family history of a peanut allergy, it may be reasonable to delay introducing peanuts, nuts and nut products until a child is over the age of 3.

An allergic reaction can occur within minutes to a couple of hours after being in contact with an allergen. Signs and symptoms can include:

• itchy, watery eyes
• runny nose
• sneezing 
• hives
• swelling and tingling of the mouth, lips, and tongue
• wheezing and breathing difficulties
• itchy skin rash
• nausea and vomiting
• anaphylactic shock

The first exposure to an allergen may only cause a mild reaction. However, the allergen should then be avoided, as with repeated exposure, the reaction to it can become more severe or even life threatening. 

The second consideration is related to the risk of choking. It is not recommended that peanuts, other nuts, or nut products be given to children under the age of 12 months, because of this risk. Whole nuts are considered a choking hazard until a child is 3-4 years old.  After the age of 12 months and if there is no family history of a peanut allergy, foods with nut products may be introduced in small amounts, but caution should still be used due to the risk of choking, even if product is in the form of peanut butter.

For more information about food allergies, contact Health Link Alberta where nurses are available 24-7 to provide health advice and information. Call toll-free 1-866-408-LINK (5465).