What are the signs of hypothermia?

Many people are active during the winter season with activities like ice skating and going for walks. There is an increased risk of developing hypothermia in cold weather. Cold weather can decrease your body’s core temperature. A drop in your body’s temperature is called hypothermia. Hypothermia occurs when more heat is lost from the body than the body can generate – below 35 C (95 F). Hypothermia can occur anywhere and affect anyone. The very young and the elderly are greatest at risk of developing hypothermia. A person can even develop hypothermia indoors especially if they are sleeping in a cold room or are not dressed properly. Hypothermia can occur when you are exposed to cold air, water, wind, or rain and it can be life threatening if not treated quickly.

Symptoms of hypothermia include:

• shivering
• cold, pale, or blue grey skin
• poor judgment
• lack of interest or concern
• sleepiness
• slowed, slurred speech
• confusion
• loss of coordination
• numb hands and fingers and difficulty performing tasks

Mild hypothermia can be treated by getting out of the wet or cold environment, using warm blankets, and hot water bottles. Moderate to severe hypothermia requires immediate attention at the nearest emergency – it can lead to unconsciousness or result in death if heat loss cannot be controlled.

Dress warmly by wearing a toque and mitts. Heat is lost most quickly from the head. Wear layers of loose clothing so that you can take a layer off should you get too warm. Ensure your home or apartment temperature is warm enough to keep you safe – usually 20-21 degrees Celsius (68-70 degrees Fahrenheit). Avoid going outdoors when there are extreme weather conditions.

For more information about hypothermia or for available programs and services, contact Health Link Alberta where nurses are available 24-7 to provide health advice and information. Call 1-866-408-LINK (5465) or 780-408-LINK (Edmonton area) or 403-943-LINK (Calgary area).